Conduction State Energy of Excess Electrons in Condensed Media. Liquid Methane, Ethane, and Argon and Glassy Matrices

(23) J. G. Kirkwood, J. Chem. Phys., 4, 592 (1936). (24) W. Hauser, "Introduction to the Principles of Electromagnetism", Addison-Wesley, Reading, Mass., 1971, p 195. (25) Reference 24, p 145. (26) Reference 14, pp 225-226. (27) One of the reviewers pointed out that the local electric fleld produced by a point charge immersed in a continuous dielectric (without cavities) is simply 9/?. In this instance, the dipole screening function would be unity. The argument proceeds as follows. The local electric field is given by the field due to the point charge, namely, q/r?, plus the sum of the fields due to microscopic electric dipoles induced in the dielectric. Inasmuch as all the polarization in the dielectric is directed radially toward the charge, its contribdion to the local field cancels out, making the local electric field simply 9/?. This argument can in fact be verified by replacing the fluid radial distribution function in eq 11 of ref 4 by unity and performing the indicated integration. A fluid characterized by a radial distribution function, which is unity everywhere, is a fluid in which the molecules may overlap. The physical impossibility of molecules overlapping is in some sense taken into account in the cavity model used in this paper. That is to say, the cavlty boundary surrounding the induced multipoles prevents the uniform dielectric representing the remaining molecules from approaching the multipoles too closely. To this extent, the repulsive aspect at the intermolecular force has been taken into account.